In the music of almost all nations and countries reflected the work and life of millions of people, music for thousands of years accompanied their lives. The Ingush traditional musical culture has developed over the centuries as part of the general Caucasian musical culture. In the last two centuries, Ingushetia developed its own characteristic intonation features, rhythm, structure of the melody of musical works, and its own original musical instruments appeared. All this led to the birth of their national musical language in the republic.
Traditional musical instruments of Ingushetia
Over time, some musical instruments were improved in accordance with everyday and social needs, remaining for centuries, some disappeared, but new instruments also appeared. Ingush musical instruments are absolutely similar to Chechen ones. The most popular of them is the “pandar”, a plucked instrument, and a real Ingush balalaika. The second most common is “chondrk”, which looks like a violin. Harmonica is common in some areas of the republic. Although rare, in Ingushetia they still use such ancient musical instruments as the self-sounding percussion gyma (gemansh, gemanash), in the form of a split bar and sounding like a rattle, wind instruments tsezam with a notched tongue and a “creaky” nasal sound, and detra - a longitudinal open flute made of reeds or wood, found mainly among shepherds.
Traditional music of Ingushetia
The tales of the Nart epic, which originated in the era of pre-class society, are the main source of traditional music of the republic. The oldest of these legends that has come down to us is the pagan cult of Myatsel (patron of the earth, animals and humans). And that music sounded in a traditional Ingush wedding ceremony. Numerous genres of Ingush musical folklore are also known, including laduga yish and laduvga asharash - peculiar “melodies for listening” or instrumental music, as well as khalkharan yish, khalkhara yish - dance melodies and instrumental works accompanying actions and movements, such as dances, processions and horse riding. Several vocal genres of Ingush music have survived to this day. Ingush heroic-epic songs are called “illi”. This popular genre of Ingush musical culture originated in the 15th century on the basis of the Nart epic and heroic songs. During their emergence and creative development, they absorbed the ideological and artistic experience of other genres of folklore, and first of all, mythology.
Traditional dance culture of Ingushetia
At the time of composing the tales of the great Nartov heroes, the Ingush already had massive circular dances. Here is one of the few descriptions of Ingush dances that have come down to us, made by researchers and historians of Indgush culture: “Their dance is something special. All the spectators sitting in a circle sing, and to the sounds of some flute pipes, bagpipes or flutes, inspire the young dancers to display their power and art. At that time, everyone who wants to go out, one by one, performing all sorts of movements and somersaults. When all the dancers repeated the same tricks to the thunderous applause of the crowd, they join hands and sing and dance as they dance. Sometimes they form one big circle, which then expands, then narrows, then the dance ends with the same jumps that took place earlier. So that women are not left without such entertainment, try to find a blind musician. During the holiday, they are with him away from men and having fun, without violating the customs that forbid them to show themselves to strangers. ”
The most famous and popular Ingush dance all over the world is Khelkhpr, or Lezginka, traditionally performed in a “chokka” costume. The Ingush people have attached great importance to dance at all times, and people who know how to dance have been revered and remembered for centuries.
The Ingush love and cherish their musical folklore with all their hearts. Today, Ingush folk songs are regularly heard on radio, television and are available for download on the global Internet. Modern Ingush musical culture cannot do without the great Nart heritage, which gives inspiration and plots for numerous works of poetic, song, instrumental and vocal genres of Ingush authors.
Photo: http://www.gazetaingush.ru
